{"id":2,"date":"2013-09-10T12:19:15","date_gmt":"2013-09-10T12:19:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.krieger.jhu.edu\/template-research\/?page_id=2"},"modified":"2026-06-10T19:28:59","modified_gmt":"2026-06-10T19:28:59","slug":"sample-page","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.krieger.jhu.edu\/ummelmarra\/","title":{"rendered":"About the Expedition"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Umm el-Marra, a regional center founded in the period of urban emergence and occupied throughout the Bronze Age, provides a document of the changing fortunes of a west Syrian Bronze Age center and affords insight into the transformations of the society it was part of.<\/p>\n<p>While its size makes it likely that Umm el-Marra played a central role in its region, the 20-hectare site is small in comparison to the great cities of its time like Ebla and Mari.\u00a0 Thus, the investigation of Umm el-Marra allows for a consideration of the history and functioning of what might be called a &#8220;second tier&#8221; urban center.<\/p>\n<p>The possible ancient name of Umm el-Marra was Tuba, which was the capital of a small kingdom in the Early and Middle Bronze periods.\u00a0 Although this identification has not been proven, it remains probable since the history of the site parallels that known of Tuba: Umm el-Marra was the headquarters of a wealthy elite in the Early Bronze Age, enjoyed a resurgence in the Middle Bronze Age, and was abandoned by the end of Late Bronze, the latest period in which Tuba is mentioned.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Umm el-Marra, a regional center founded in the period of urban emergence and occupied throughout the Bronze Age, provides a document of the changing fortunes of a west Syrian Bronze Age center and affords insight into the transformations of the society it was part of. While its size makes it likely that Umm el-Marra played [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":40,"featured_media":190,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.krieger.jhu.edu\/ummelmarra\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.krieger.jhu.edu\/ummelmarra\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.krieger.jhu.edu\/ummelmarra\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.krieger.jhu.edu\/ummelmarra\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/40"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.krieger.jhu.edu\/ummelmarra\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/sites.krieger.jhu.edu\/ummelmarra\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":261,"href":"https:\/\/sites.krieger.jhu.edu\/ummelmarra\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2\/revisions\/261"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.krieger.jhu.edu\/ummelmarra\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/190"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.krieger.jhu.edu\/ummelmarra\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}